• Skip to secondary menu
  • Skip to main content
  • Skip to primary sidebar

Geometry Code

Sacred Geometry Media Resource Blog

Sacred Geometry Resources, Books, Conversations, Art Prints, Cards, Screensavers, Videos, Patterns, Blog and more
  • Intro
  • Shop
    • Bibliography
    • Gallery
      • Gallery: Martineau Solar System
      • Gallery: Sacred Geometry Animations
    • Sacred Geometry Art Cards
    • Sacred Geometry Art Prints
    • Sacred Geometry Books
      • Sacred Geometry Design Sourcebook (SGDS)
        • SGDS: Free Samples
          • Sacred Geometry Design Sourcebook – sample – (page 101) Circle on Each Dodecagon Edge Fractal
          • Sacred Geometry Design Sourcebook – sample – (page 189) Great Pyramid Fold-up Pattern with Pi and Phi Proportions
          • Sacred Geometry Design Sourcebook – sample – (page 216) Great Dodecahedron Fold-up Pattern
          • Sacred Geometry Design Sourcebook – sample – (page 224) Star Tetrahedron Fold-up Pattern
          • Sacred Geometry Design Sourcebook – bonus page – Kepler’s Solid
        • SGDS: FAQ
        • SGDS: Kudos
        • SGDS: Ordering
        • SGDS: Bookstores
        • SGDS: Printable Order Form
        • Sacred Geometry Design Sourcebook – Paypal Orders
      • Mandalas der Heiligen Geometrie (MDHG) das Universale Design der Natur (SGDS German edition)
      • Book: The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation by Bruce Rawles
        • The Geometry Code book: Preface by the Author
        • The Geometry Code: book endorsements
        • Acknowledgments (abridged) for The Geometry Code book
        • Buy The Geometry Code book
        • Table of Contents: The Geometry Code book
    • Sacred Geometry Calendars
    • Sacred Geometry Digital Products
    • Sacred Geometry Screen Savers
      • Sacred Geometry Screen Savers: The Geometry Code – Meditation Tool, ScreenSaver, and eBooklet
        • Praise for The Geometry Code – Meditation Tool, Screen Saver, and eBooklet
      • Sacred Geometry Screen Savers: LightSOURCE screensavers and DVDs
    • Sacred Geometry Toys and Tools
      • Use Zometool to build models from SGDS
    • Sacred Geometry Video Patterns
      • Video Patterns: Circulars, Triangulars and More
      • Video Patterns: Flower of Life and Rectangulars
      • Video Patterns: Hexagonals
      • Video Patterns: Pentagonals
      • Video Patterns: How to use
    • Sacred Geometry Videos
    • GeometryCode.com Affiliates
  • Resources
    • Blog
    • Bulletins
      • 2015 Bulletins
      • 2014 Bulletins
      • 2013 Bulletins
      • 2012 Bulletins
      • Sacred Geometry email bulletins archives through 2011
  • About
    • Events
      • Annual Sacred Geometry Multimedia Contest – legacy page
    • Contact Us and Recent Visitors
    • Donations and Contributions
    • Support
    • Our Web Sites
    • Sacred Geometry – Consulting Services
    • Link To Us
    • Media Kit – Elysian Publishing and Bruce Rawles
    • Sacred Geometry Glossary
    • Copyright Information
    • Disclaimer
  • Free
    • Platonic Solids – Fold Up Patterns
    • Archimedean Solids – Fold Up Patterns
    • Polyhedra: Illustrations of Platonic And Archimedean Solids
    • Polyhedra: Math Tables for Platonic And Archimedean Solids
    • How to graphically derive the Golden Ratio using an equilateral triangle inscribed in a circle
    • How to calculate the area of the Vesica Piscis
    • Rotating Star Tetrahedra, Polyhedra – Animations and Ray Traced Images
    • How to graphically make the “Seed of Life” pattern using a compass
    • How to graphically divide a line by the Golden Ratio using a straightedge and compass
    • Sacred Geometry Bookmarks – Pentagonal Spirals
    • Sacred Geometry Wallpaper (desktop image) – Venus and Mars per Martineau
  • Contact Us/Subscribe
  • Site Map
You are here: Home / Archives for sacred geometry news

sacred geometry news

Spirals, Ferns, and Universal Unfolding Motifs

Thursday, 1 December 2022 by Bruce Rawles

While I try not to obsess about geometric forms, I do observe when certain motifs appear more frequently in various locales. When we visited San Miguel de Allende, Mexico earlier this year, I noticed an abundance of small stellated dodecahedra (and similar shapes) particularly evident in metal lamps, yet also in other art forms as well; each pentagonal pyramidal stellation arm encodes the golden ratio. …

Having just returned from a second visit to New Zealand, it seemed that one of the most ubiquitous geometric shapes we saw on this trip was the spiral, which appears in Maori jewelry, carving, tattoos, art, and culture, connecting the natural world with the art of the indigenous people of Aotearoa. Below I made a mirrored tiling pattern from an image of an unfurling silver fern frond which exhibits an excellent example of fractal geometry.

mirrored tiling pattern: unfurling silver fern frond

Wikipedia says “The koru is a spiral shape based on the appearance of a new unfurling silver fern frond. It is an integral symbol in Māori art, carving, and tattooing, where it symbolizes new life, growth, strength, and peace.”

Wizard of Oz geometry: Dorothy on yellow brick road spiral

Reflecting intuitively on our spiral “journey” through life like the homeward trajectory Dorothy embarks upon in the Wizard of Oz when she follows the yellow brick road, we find context in the cyclical, yet ever-evolving, ever-unfolding awareness with each revolution of the spiral. In three dimensions, we have the double helix of the DNA molecule in everything we typically call life in this world, embodying the golden ratio in each pentagonal molecule appendaged to the helix and also in the (Fibonacci proportion) 34/21 Angstrom ratio of each complete turn of the helix. Every year, each season has familiar patterns and signs, yet there is a much larger progression we discover when we “zoom out” a bit from our myopic, provincial perspectives. The Chambered Nautilus shell has a pleasing uniformity as one spins the shell around, since each accretion uses the same angular template as the preceding one, and builds upon the strength of sameness throughout.

Here are a few more spirals from our most recent NZ trip; enjoy!

New Zealand: Napier museum; Maori wood carvings with numerous spiral forms
New Zealand: Napier museum; Maori wood carvings with numerous spiral forms
Auckland Airport ceiling lamp fixture
Auckland NZ Airport ceiling lamp fixture
Auckland NZ Airport ceilng art: spiral fish school
Auckland NZ Airport ceilng art: spiral fish school
Spiral fern head; Kitekite Falls, NZ
Spiral fern head; Kitekite Falls, NZ
Spiral yard art; Hamilton, NZ
Spiral yard art; Hamilton, NZ
New Plymouth, NZ art gallery staircase; spiral flourishes
New Plymouth, NZ art gallery staircase; spiral flourishes
Napier NZ boardwalk art with overlapping complementary spirals
Napier NZ boardwalk art with overlapping complementary spirals

Filed Under: 2D Geometries, Fibonacci Numbers, Fractal Geometry, sacred geometry art, sacred geometry news, sacred geometry spaces

In memoriam: William Goldstein

Friday, 14 October 2022 by Bruce Rawles

I recently learned of the passing of William Goldstein (a.k.a. Will Gold), who left us on August 11, 2022. William was a fellow geometer, researcher, historian, mystic, and much more. It was only fairly recently (September 2021) that I discovered his work, our many common interests, and favorite books while exploring his extensive, fascinating writings, which are a great complement to my more mathematical leanings. I began a brief stint as his webmaster, and I was hoping to share many recorded conversations between William and me with my GeometryCode readership, but that was not to be.

Rather than have this important body of work disappear, I offered his family the opportunity to keep the site going so that others might benefit from his insights and helpful resources, including an extensive library of unique and interesting books, most of which are still available. The newly relocated website (formerly Chartres-sacred-geometry.com) is now live at Chartres.GeometryCode.com. It is my hope that my readers will avail themselves of his thoughtful and insightful writing and excellent book (and other media) recommendations of value for geometry enthusiasts, particularly the in-depth cultural and historical underpinnings behind so many important discoveries and real human progress.

Here is the prior article I wrote about William’s site, which I would recommend reading as well.

Thank you, William, and to your family as well!

The New Invisible College - Chartres-sacred-geometry.com

Filed Under: 3D Geometries, sacred geometry books, sacred geometry news

The Golden Icosahedron and other interesting Golden Ratio appearances

Wednesday, 31 August 2022 by Bruce Rawles

Golden Icosahedron

How did I miss this very cool, interesting polyhedron? Glad to have just discovered this fascinating shape (with lovely rotating animation) on this post by “RobertLovesPi” here, with this commentary:

The Platonic Icosahedron has twenty faces which are equilateral triangles. In the Golden Icosahedron, twelve of those triangles (the yellow ones) have been replaced by acute, isosceles triangles with a leg:base ratio which is the Golden Ratio.

Here are a few other appearances of the golden ratio (a.k.a. golden proportion, a.k.a. golden number, a.k.a. golden section, a.k.a. extreme and mean ratio, a.k.a. divine proportion, a.k.a. Phi (ø) or Tau (τ) proportion, a.k.a. sacred cut,  etc., and other synonyms for the ubiquitous (1 + √5)/2 ≈ 1.6180339887… number):

  • Golden Triangle (featured 12 times in the Golden Icosahedron above) and in every pentagram and regular decagon with lines connecting vertices to its center.
  • Golden Rectangle
  • Pentagram
  • Pentagon
  • Lots of other instances throughout this website!

This unexpected golden ratio appearance first made my acquaintance at a sacred geometry conference hosted by Luke Gatto a few decades ago in Boulder, Colorado, and I shared it many years later here in 2011:

How to graphically derive the Golden Ratio using an equilateral triangle inscribed in a circle

Inscribed Triangle Phi

and resurfaces here on a Quora post – and I’m copying the entire account verbatim; thanks, Johann!

Johann Holzel

Author has 4K answers and 1.1M answer views

Some ratio has to satisfy a/b = (a+b)/a. The fact that this ratio should have such a simple continued fraction, involves √5 and therefore pentagons, has a special relation between its negation and inverse, etc., these must have all been surprising developments when each was first discovered (in many cases, by ancient Greek geometers—although apparently it, or √5, was also the first number proven to be irrational, which was even more surprising).

But nowadays, you learn most of those things together, and are immediately shown how they fit together, so there’s not much room for surprise.

And most appearances in nature make sense once you think about them. For example, there are cases where the most irrational logarithmic spiral is obviously the best to use, and the fact that it can be closely approximated by the arithmetically-simple Fibonacci spiral makes it unsurprising that evolution would hit on it multiple times.

(In fact, most claimed appearances in nature or in art are either not even close to ϕ at all, or are just boring cases of an artist who heard great art is supposed to be full of golden ratios so they followed what they thought they were supposed to do.)

So the most unexpected places are probably the ones that come from amateurs. And probably the most famous of these is the equilateral triangle inscribed in a circle, just because of how deceptively simple it is.


A 1983 article in American Mathematical Monthly consisted of basically this picture, accompanied by the word “Behold!”

A and B are the midpoints of two sides; extend the line from A to B out to the circle and the intersection is C.

The ratio of AB to BC is obviously somewhere around 1.6-ish just from visual inspection. So is the ratio of AC to AB.

But in fact, they’re identical, which means they’re both exactly ϕ, the golden ratio.

Why?

The golden ratio doesn’t just show up in triangles unless you put it there (e.g., the golden triangle is specifically designed as the isosceles triangle with the self-similar bisection), and that isn’t the case here.

This was discovered by George Odom, an amateur mathematician, who was in correspondence with famous geometer H.S.M. Coxeter. Coxeter wanted to see how many readers could work out why ϕ shows up here.

To get the answer, you have to notice that this chord looks like it can be used to construct a regular pentagon. Then you can complete the construction, and prove it’s exact via the chord theorem. And then there’s no mystery left—unlike triangles, pentagons are full of the golden ratio. (Coxeter just gave the constructed pentagon as the answer.)

That’s deeper than the kind of thing you’d expect from what looks like a simple recreational mathematics problem. And even after you get it, it’s still almost magical that something so with no obvious pentagons, or self-similar folds, or anything like that, gives you ϕ, so simply.

 

 

Filed Under: sacred geometry news

Reflections on the Sacred: Geometry, Mind, Non-duality

Sunday, 5 June 2022 by Bruce Rawles

Over the years, I’ve been asked by many: “What Makes Sacred Geometry sacred?” to which I usually respond with something like this: Either everything is sacred … or nothing is sacred. While that terse response may seem to be evading the question, I’ve realized more and more deeply that it’s true, and if we gradually (with help from the Inner Inspiration we all can employ) shift our perception from the ephemeral to the eternal then our view of everyone and everything becomes kinder, more compassionate, tolerant and forgiving of the minutiae of the fleeting phantasms of form and the cosmically temporary. If truth doesn’t change, our task must be to seek and find what is true and cannot change; the laws of mathematics and geometry seem worthy candidates for possible means of finding the unalterably true. However, for something to be unequivocally true, it must apply to everyone and everything. The discipline of the scientific mind requires that we keep looking if we find exceptions to our postulates and theorems and persist until we find the safety, security, and serenity of what can never change. William Shakespeare penned lovely prose about the ideal of looking ever inward to the mind for what doesn’t alter or change when it (the mind) finds the alterable:

Sonnet 116: Let me not to the marriage of true minds
BY WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

Let me not to the marriage of true minds
Admit impediments. Love is not love
Which alters when it alteration finds,
Or bends with the remover to remove.
O no! it is an ever-fixed mark
That looks on tempests and is never shaken;
It is the star to every wand’ring bark,
Whose worth’s unknown, although his height be taken.
Love’s not Time’s fool, though rosy lips and cheeks
Within his bending sickle’s compass come;
Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,
But bears it out even to the edge of doom.
If this be error and upon me prov’d,
I never writ, nor no man ever lov’d. 

Seeking what is true for all, we realize we are all in the “same boat” either expressing kindness or in one way or another asking for it. Seen from this perspective, our true kinship – our real relationship – to everyone and everything merits kindness in response to expressions or requests for the same. That seems like a very serviceable and practical definition of sacredness – generalized to encompass all, sacredness reflects the perfection beyond the forms our senses and the mind’s machinery of interpretation seem to establish as real. We rarely question the vast number of assumptions we make every second about the world that seems vulgar and profane or at the very least disappointing in its impermanence.

A few dictionary definitions of the word sacred (most closely aligned with how I think of the word) are “revered, inviolable, inviolate, unimpeachable, invulnerable, untouchable, inalienable, protected, defended, secure, safe, and unthreatened.” These adjectives would suggest that nothing in this material world – where every form that appears eventually disappears – would qualify for sacredness; no exemption for the changed, changing, and changeable from decay, dissolution, and death. Yet while the laws of physics (particularly the Second Law of Thermodynamics) would suggest that nothing in spacetime is forever, we certainly can use our experiences in the world of space and time to guide us (even if largely as counterexamples) to find what is endless.

Our experience of sacredness – which I would equate with the purely innocent eternal nature of our being and all that remains in mind after we have completely forgiven ourselves and everyone for everything – depends completely on the thought system with which one views everything! If we look for what unites us, what is intrinsically the same for all – regardless of all the polarizing temporary attributes that seem to define our ephemeral personas and certainly our bodies – we find the sacred, innocent undifferentiated awareness from which all creation derives and to which we all belong.

What prompted this metaphysical musing? My computer calendar showed me that a decade ago today, I published my second book in print form, followed by a Kindle edition a few months later. I was also reflecting fondly on some related anniversaries:

  • 10 years ago today, The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation became available in print
  • 15 years ago (2007), I “rediscovered” the pure non-dual metaphysics of A Course In Miracles by way of Gary Renard‘s first book: The Disappearance of the Universe: Straight Talk about Illusions, Past Lives, Religion, Sex, Politics, and the Miracles of Forgiveness and shortly thereafter started ACIMblog.com and started a weekly study group (now online)
  • 25 years ago (1997) I launched my first book, Sacred Geometry Design Sourcebook – Universal Dimensional Patterns
  • 30 years ago (1992), having “rediscovered” what has become known as sacred geometry via fellow mystical explorer and contemporary, Gregg Braden at a lecture in my mother’s living room in Livermore, California a year before – we (my now wife, Nancy, and I) accompanied Gregg (21 of us) to Egypt to explore the Great Pyramid of Giza and numerous sites up and down the Nile River
  • 50 years ago (1972) I graduated from Livermore High School

Thanks to all of you for many decades of support, collaboration, and shared enthusiasm for finding what is true! Here are some excerpts from the June 2012 bulletin that provide details about my second book, which combined interests in both sacred geometry and non-dual metaphysics. The book “The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation became available 10 years ago today: on June 5, 2012.

The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation - front cover artwork

The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation by Bruce Rawles (logo)Learn more about The Geometry Code book
The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation by Bruce Rawles (logo)Free sample chapter from The Geometry Code book with free bulletin subscription
The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation by Bruce Rawles (logo)Preface by the author from The Geometry Code book
The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation by Bruce Rawles (logo)Table of Contents from The Geometry Code book
The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation by Bruce Rawles (logo)Acknowledgments for The Geometry Code book
The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation by Bruce Rawles (logo)Endorsements for The Geometry Code book
Read more about The Geometry Code book, including an overview, the intended audience, and more.

About the book: The Geometry Code

While I was completing work on Sacred Geometry Design Sourcebook, (completed in 1997), I was already working on another book, which was ready on June 5th, 2012. Rather than reinvent the wheel, I think the Preface I wrote explains how the book came about and gives a good “big picture” of what it is about. I’ve uploaded the Table of Contents, Endorsements from friends and colleagues, Acknowledgments, a sample chapter, and more.

The Geometry Code book - Sample Chapter - Cover Page 1

Filed Under: 2D Geometries, Fractal Geometry, sacred geometry books, sacred geometry news

TurboSquid 3D geometric models

Tuesday, 31 May 2022 by Bruce Rawles

Fellow geometer, 3D animator, techno-nerd, mystic, and life-long friend, Dave Van Dyke alerted me to some examples of very cool 3-dimensional models using TurboSquid (3D Models for Professionals) a couple of days ago. The links below connect with a small set of the many examples of 3-d geometric models – some free, others inexpensive – all gems, especially considering the “labor of love” efforts put into these detailed models! Going beyond geometric constraints, you have orders of magnitude more to explore! They can be downloaded and adapted wherever your imagination might lead! Here are some samples to pique your interest!

Archimedean polyhedra permutations
Archimedean polyhedra permutations
polyhedron made of inter-locking blue squares
polyhedron made of inter-locking blue squares
geodesic polyhedra (truncated icosahedra); small and large sizes connected at vertices
geodesic polyhedra (truncated icosahedra); small and large sizes connected at vertices
polyhedron made of interlocking blue triangles
polyhedron made of inter-locking blue triangles
icosa-dodeca-geometric model with wavy extruded interconnecting struts
icosa-dodeca-geometric model with wavy extruded interconnecting struts

Filed Under: 3D Geometries, Archimedean Solids, Platonic Solids, sacred geometry animation, sacred geometry apps, sacred geometry art, sacred geometry news

  • « Go to Previous Page
  • Page 1
  • Interim pages omitted …
  • Page 4
  • Page 5
  • Page 6
  • Page 7
  • Page 8
  • Interim pages omitted …
  • Page 22
  • Go to Next Page »

Primary Sidebar

iMac with LightSOURCE Sacred Geometry screensaver

iMac with GeometryCode screensaver example image

GeometryCode: Featured Products

The Geometry Code: book

Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation

learn more… Available Now!

The Geometry Code: Universal Symbolic Mirrors of Natural Laws Within Us; Friendly Reminders of Inclusion to Forgive the Dreamer of Separation - by Bruce Rawles (front cover artwork)

Buy The Geometry Code book and/or Kindle edition


Sacred Geometry
Design Sourcebook

learn more…



Buy this classic reference book


Sacred Geometry Art:
prints, cards, apparel

learn more…


Dodecahedral Bubble



Buy prints, cards, apparel


Martineau Solar System:
prints, cards, apparel

learn more…


Venus and Mars Per Martineau-cropped thumb



Buy prints, cards, apparel

GeometryCode: Recommendations

(GeometryCode.com Favorites on Amazon.com: books, Kindle, videos, art, software, tools, music, etc. will return here soon!)

Astro-logix - a unique system of glow-in-the-dark hubs and day-glow cylinders to make a phenomenal variety of 2D and 3D geometric models
Bluehost - our GeometryCode.com webhost and domain registrar offers superb customer service, technical expertise and value; tops in every respect!
Sacred geometry Jewelry Sacred geometry jewelry by artist David Weitzman Ka-Gold Related Content: Flower of Life, Seed of Life, Golden Spiral, Fruit of Life, Vesica Piscis, Star tetrahedron "Merkaba", Fibonacci Whirling Squares Spiral "Phi", Metatron's Cube, Chambered Nautilus, Labyrinth, Torus Tube, Tetractys, Sri Yantra mandala, Tree of Life, Hexagram (Star of David).
Fractiles Fractiles - Versatile geometric toys made of magnetic diamond shaped tiles
emWave Desktop Heartmath - Biofeedback using the heart's mathematics of interconnection
SacredGaiametry
Iconnect
Metaforms - chrome, bronze and gold-plated geometric pendants, 3D forms and more
Folding Circles - Books, Videos and Supplies - by Bradford Hansen-Smith
RedHen Books and Toys
Unique, hard-to-find educational materials, toys and books such as Bradford Hansen-Smith's circle folding videos, books and supplies.

ZomeTool Zometool - my favorite 3D creative tool/toy system. I use mine for demos and exploration.
More details on our complete list of affiliates; thanks for supporting us by using these links!

Disclosure: If you use our links to purchase featured products and services, we receive compensation from these companies (at no extra cost to you). We select on the basis of excellent performance and value, and, as much as possible, from our own use and testing. We're independently owned. Opinions expressed here are ours. We appreciate your support by purchasing from these links. The intent of this disclosure is compliance with the FTC's Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials in Advertising.

Fibonacci Quarterly - Official Publication of the Fibonacci Association (since 1963)

Recent GeometryCode Posts

  • Highlights from the November Post Archives on GeometryCode.com
  • Highlights from the October Post Archives on GeometryCode.com
  • Highlights from the September Post Archives on GeometryCode.com
  • Solar System Geometry (per Martineau) Wall Calendars for 2027
  • Highlights from the August Post Archives on GeometryCode.com

Visit the archive site (authored by the late William Goldstein, a.k.a. Will Gold)
The New Invisible College - A Gateway to the Mystical Tradition of the West

The New Invisible College - Chartres-sacred-geometry.com

(Updated 14Oct2022): I recently had the good fortune to discover a website with some superb content … [Read More...] about The New Invisible College: Will Gold’s Chartres-sacred-geometry.com website


Here’s where you can let us know how we can support you ... and how you can support us! Our virtual “tip jar” accepts a variety of methods of making financial donations; any greatly appreciated! You can use Zelle, Venmo, Wise, PayPal, and a check or money order in US dollars works as well.

Copyright © 1997-2025 · Bruce Rawles · customized by Intent Design Studio · hosted by BlueHost · WordPress

Manage Consent
To provide the best experiences, we use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions.
Functional Always active
The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network.
Preferences
The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user.
Statistics
The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you.
Marketing
The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes.
  • Manage options
  • Manage services
  • Manage {vendor_count} vendors
  • Read more about these purposes
View preferences
  • {title}
  • {title}
  • {title}